【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforLoadControlledCyclicTriaxialStrengthofSoil
【原文标准名称】:土壤的负荷控制三向疲劳强度的测试方法
【标准号】:ASTMD5311-1992(2004)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1992
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.09
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:压缩试验;土力学;土壤普查
【英文主题词】:consolidated-undrainedtests;cohesionlesssoils;laboratorytests;liquefaction;triaxialtests
【摘要】:Cyclictriaxialstrengthtestresultsareusedforevaluatingtheabilityofasoiltoresisttheshearstressesinducedinasoilmassduetoearthquakeorothercyclicloading.5.1.1Cyclictriaxialstrengthtestsmaybeperformedatdifferentvaluesofeffectiveconfiningpressureonisotropicallyconsolidatedspecimenstoprovidedatarequiredforestimatingthecyclicstabilityofasoil.5.1.2Cyclictriaxialstrengthtestsmaybeperformedatasingleeffectiveconfiningpressure,usuallyequalto14.5lb/in.2(100kN/m2),oralternatepressuresasappropriateonisotropicallyconsolidatedspecimenstocomparecyclicstrengthresultsforaparticularsoiltypewiththatofothersoils,Ref(2).Thecyclictriaxialtestisacommonlyusedtechniquefordeterminingcyclicsoilstrength.Cyclicstrengthdependsuponmanyfactors,includingdensity,confiningpressure,appliedcyclicshearstress,stresshistory,grainstructure,ageofsoildeposit,specimenpreparationprocedure,andthefrequency,uniformity,andshapeofthecyclicwaveform.Thus,closeattentionmustbegiventotestingdetailsandequipment.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthecyclicstrength(sometimescalledtheliquefactionpotential)ofsaturatedsoilsineitherundisturbedorreconstitutedstatesbytheload-controlledcyclictriaxialtechnique.1.2Thecyclicstrengthofasoilisevaluatedrelativetoanumberoffactors,including:thedevelopmentofaxialstrain,magnitudeofappliedcyclicstress,numberofcyclesofstressapplication,developmentofexcesspore-waterpressure,andstateofeffectivestress.Acomprehensivereviewoffactorsaffectingcyclictriaxialtestresultsiscontainedintheliterature().1.3Cyclictriaxialstrengthtestsareconductedunderundrainedconditionstosimulateessentiallyundrainedfieldconditionsduringearthquakeorothercyclicloading.1.4Cyclictriaxialstrengthtestsaredestructive.Failuremaybedefinedonthebasisofthenumberofstresscyclesrequiredtoreachalimitingstrainor100%porepressureratio.SeeSectionforTerminology.1.5Thistestmethodisgenerallyapplicablefortestingcohesionlessfreedrainingsoilsofrelativelyhighpermeability.Whentestingwell-gradedmaterials,silts,orclays,itshouldberecognizedthatpore-waterpressuresmonitoredatthespecimenendstonotingeneralrepresentpore-wat
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:10P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforMeasuringHydrationKineticsofHydraulicCementitiousMixturesUsingIsothermalCalorimetry
【原文标准名称】:采用等温热量测定法测量液压水泥混合物水化反应动力的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMC1679-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C09.48
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:cement-admixtureinteractions;hydrationkinetics;hydrationperformance;isothermalcalorimetry;sulfatedepletion;Calorimetry;Hydrationkinetics;Hydrauliccement;Isothermalconditions/testing
【摘要】:Thermalpowercurvesareusedtoevaluatetheisothermalhydrationkineticsofthecombinedmixtureofdifferentmaterialsduringtheearlyperiodafterbeingmixedwithwater.Theseisothermalpowercurves,orhydrationprofiles,mayprovideindicationsrelativetosettingcharacteristics,compatibilityofdifferentmaterials,sulfatebalanceandearlystrengthdevelopment.Theisothermalhydrationprofilescanalsobeusedtoevaluatetheeffectsofcompositions,proportions,andtimeofadditionofmaterialsaswellascuringtemperature.Specialcaremustbeusedinevaluatingextendedretardationwithpastespecimens,whichhavebeenshowntooverestimatetheretardationofsomemixturescontainingcement,SCM,andadmixtures.Thisprocedurecanbeusedtomeasuretheeffectofchemicaladmixturesonthecementhydrationprofile.Inmanycases,theadditionofchemicaladmixturechangesthekineticsofcementhydration.Althoughthistechniquehasbeenusedhistoricallytounderstandissuesrelatedtosettingandslumploss,itmustbeemphasizedthatisothermalcalorimetryresultscannotpredictconcreteperformancedefinitely,eitherpositivelyornegatively.Extensiveverificationinconcreteatplanneddosagesandtemperatures,andathigherdosages,isneeded.Isothermalcalorimetryisaneffectivetooltoidentifysensitivities,sothatconcretetestingcanbeefficientlyplannedandperformed.Thispracticeprovidesameansofassessingtherelativehydrationperformanceofvarioustestmixturescomparedwithcontrolmixturesthatarepreparedinasimilarmanner.Theprocedureandapparatuscanbeusedtomonitorthethermalpowerfrompastesandmortarsaloneorincombinationwithchemicaladmixtures.TheisothermalcalorimeterdescribedherecanbeusedtomeasurethethermalpowerandheatofhydrationofmortarspreparedindependentlyorobtainedbywetsievingfromconcreteinaccordancewithPracticeC172.1.1Thispracticedescribestheapparatusandprocedureformeasuringrelativedifferencesinhydrationkineticsofhydrauliccementitiousmixtures,eitherinpasteormortar(SeeNote1),includingthosecontainingadmixtures,varioussupplementarycementitiousmaterials(SCM),andotherfinematerialsbymeasuringthethermalpowerusinganisothermalcalorimeter.Note18212;Pastespecimensareoftenpreferredformechanisticresearchwhendetailsofindividualreactionpeaksareimportantorforparticularcalorimetryconfigurations.Mortarspecimensmaygiveresultsthathavebettercorrelationwithconcretesettingandearlystrengthdevelopmentandareoftenpreferredtoevaluatedifferentmixtureproportionsforconcrete.Bothpasteandmortarstudieshavebeenfoundtobeeffectiveinevaluatingconcretefieldproblemsduetoincompatibilityofmaterialsusedinconcretemixtures.1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.(Warning8212;Freshhydrauliccementitiousmixturesarecausticandmaycausechemicalburnstoskinandtissueuponprolongedexposure.)
【中国标准分类号】:Q11
【国际标准分类号】:91_100_10
【页数】:14P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语